F

Facets. - The lenses or divisions of the eyes. - The eyes are said to be coarsely or finely faceted according to the number and size of these. (Fr. facette).

Faceted Eye. - The compound eye.

Facies. - General aspect of a species, genus, or group of insects. (L. facies, aspect.)

Facies. - The face; the upper surface of the head, it includes all the parts that lie between its junction with the prothorax and the labrum; viz., nasus, postnasus, frons, occiput, genæ, tempora, oculi, stemmata, and antennæ. (L. facies, face.)

Falcata. - (Lacinia.) Acute and bent over towards the opposite lacinia; sickle-shaped. (L. falcatus, from falx, falcis, a sickle.)

Falcate. - Resembling a sickle. (L. falcatus.)

Falciform. - (Mandibulæ). When long and curved in the form of a sickle. (L. falx, and forma, form.)

Fallopian Tubes. - See oviduct. (The name Fallopian tubes is so called after an Italian anatomist, Fallopius, mistakenly regarded as the discoverer.)

Farinose. - Pertaining to a mealy appearance. (From L. farina, meal.)

Fascia. - A coloured band. A broad transverse band. (L. fascia, a band.)

Fascia. - A broad transverse stripe; a stripe, which is broader than a line. (L. fascia.)

Fasciatus, Fasciate. - Having a broad transverse stripe. (From L. fascia.)

Fascicle, Fascicule. - A bundle of long hair. (L. fasciculus.)

Fasciculate. - (Antennæ.) Every joint possessing a distinct pencle, or long hair. (From L. fasciculus, a little bundle.)

Fasiculate. - Possessing fascicules. (L, fasciculus.)

Fastigiate. - Flat-topped; equal in height. (L. fastigiatus.)

Fat Cells. - Large masses filling out all the spaces between the viscera. They are filled with fat globules, and are of mesodermal origin. (A.S. fæt, and L. cella, a cell.)

Fatiscent. - Spontaneously mouldering and falling to pieces in the air. (Say.) (L. fatisco, to gape open.)

Fauna. - Animals indigenous to any region or period, as protected by the fauns. (L. faunus, from faun, - faveo, to favour.)

Favose. - Resembling honey-comb. (L. favus, honey-comb.)

Fecundation. - The act of impregnation. (From L. fecundo, to make fruitful.)

Feet. - Organs of locomotion situated beneath the body. (Say.) (A.S. fet, singular fot.)

Female pronucleus. - The nucleus of the egg-cell. (L, femina, a woman, and pro, and nucleus, from nux, a nut.)

Femoris caput. - The head of the femur (L. femur, femoris, and caput, head.) See Femur.

Femoris scapus. - (L. femur, femoris, and scapus, a shaft.) See Femur.

Femoris trochanter. - (L. femur, femoris, and Gr. trochanter, a runner.) See Femur.

Femur. - The thigh, a long stout joint, connected anteriorly with the trochanter, and posteriorly with the Tibia, it possesses free movement, and is composed of three pieces the separation of which is marked by strong sutural lines, these are called the first, second, and third joints of the femur - femoris caput; femoris trochanter, and femoris scapus. When two parts only are discernible, they are the second and third parts; when only one it is the third part, and is alone called the thigh, or femur. (L. femur, femoris, the thigh.)

Fenestræ. - Two white patches situated at the inner side of the antennæ. (L. fenestra, a window.)

Fenestrate ocellus. - When the eye of colour has a transparent spot. (L. fenestra, and ocellus, an eye.)

Fenestrate. - An epithet applied to transparent spots on the wings of insects. (L. fenestra.)

Fenestrated. - Marked with, or having, transparent spots, surrounded by a darker colour. (L. fenestra.)

Ferreous. - Metallic grey of polished iron. (L. ferrum, iron.)

Ferruginous. - Pertaining to a rust-red colour. (L. ferrum.)

Fetid. - (Scent.) A disagreeable smell. (L. fœtidus, stinking.)

Filæ. - Threads. (L. filum, a thread.)

Filaceous. - Possessing filæ. (L. filum.)

Filate. - (Margin.) When the edge is separated by a channel, often producing a very thin thread-like margin. (L. filum.)

Filiate, Filiform. - Thread-like in appearance. (L. filum.)

Filiform. - (Antennæ.) Uniform throughout, like a thread. (L. filum.)

Filippi's Glands. - Two whitish lobated masses in the labium on each side of the common duct of the spinning gland of larvæ. (Blanc.).

Outgrowths of the spinning gland provided with peculiar excretory cells, or evaginations of the entire glandular epithelium. (Packard.)

Fimbria. - A fringe; an ornamental appendage to a border; something resembling a fringe. (L.).

Fimbriate. - (Antennæ.) Setaceous, and each joint furnished with a single hair on the side. (From L. fimbria.)

Fimbriate. - Fringed with hair of irregular length. (L. fimbria.)

Fissate. - (Surface.) Appearing as if broken. (L. fissum, to cleave.)

Fissure. - A crevice. (L. fissura.)

Fistula. - The intermediate subquadrangular pipe, formed by the union of the two branches of the Antlia, which conveys the nectar to the pharynx. (L. fistula, a pipe.)

Fistular. - Hollow, applied to a hollow cylinder. (L. a pipe.)

Flabellate, Flabelliform. - Fan-shaped., with the upper portion prolonged into long branches. Having long thin processes lying flat on each other like the folds of a fan. (L. flabellum, a fan.)

Flabellum. - A curious flattened, notched process which overhangs the base of certain thoracic hairs of some of the Culicidæ larvæ. (L. a fan.)

Flagellate. - Possessing flagella; possessing a flagellum. (L. flagellatus, pa. par. of flagello, to whip.)

Flagelliform. - Resembling a flagellum; whip-like; whip-shaped. (L. flagelli, genitive of flagellum.)

Flagellum. - The terminal portion of the antennæ situated beyond the pedicellus; the apex. (L.)

Flagellum. - The joints of the antennæ - the scape, or first, being excepted - of the Hymenoptera aculeata. (L.)

Flasked-shaped sensillæ. - Ampullaceous sensillæ of an exaggerated form. The chitinous ampulla being greatly lengthened and attenuated to form a narrow sac enclosing the sense hair, and to connect by means of a slender tube with the integumental pore.

Flavescent. - Being of a somewhat yellow colour. (L. flavus, yellow.)

Flavo-virens. - Bright green, with yellow predominating. (L. flavus, and virens, green.)

Flavus. - Pure, clear yellow. (L. flavus.)

Flegellum. - A whip-like appendage; a whip-like bristle. (L. a whip.)

Flexor femoral. - The second femoral muscle, attached within the outer face of the trochanter. (L. flexum, to bend, and femur.)

Flexuous, Flexuose. - Almost zig-zag; winding; wavering; curving. (L. flexum, to bend.)

Floats. - Four respiratory sacs situated, two on the thorax and two on the seventh segment of Culicidæ (Corethra) larvæ, which as they mature become filled with air, and serve as floats. (Theobald.) (A.S. flotian.)

Flocculus. - A hairy or bristly appendage of the posterior apophysis in a few of the Hymenoptera. (L. floccus, a flock, of wool.)

Fluviatile. - Inhabiting rivers, as the larvæ of many insects. (L. fluviatilis, pertaining to rivers.)

Fœtid Glands. - (Orthoptera). Small sac-like glands the walls of which possess numerous hypodermal and glandular cells, provided with a passage through which the scent-fluid is forced by the pressure exerted by the dermal muscles. (Vosseler.) (L. fœteo, to stink.)

Foliaceous. - Very thin, scarcely thicker than a leaf; leaf-like in appearance. (L. folium, a leaf.)

Foliolæ. - Leaf-like appendages of the telum. (L. folium.)

Follicle. - A small sac or bag. (L. folliculus.)

Follicular. - Possessing or made up of follicles. (L. folliculus)

Folliculus. - (L. follis, a little bag.) See Incunabulum.

Food-reservoir. - The “Sucking stomach.” (A.S. foda, and F. reservoir.)

“Foot.” - The last part of the leg, the tarsus. (M.E. fot, foot, pl. fet, feet. A.S. fol, pl. fet.) See Tarsus.

Foramen. - The orifice in the abdomen, through which the funiculus passes. (L. foro, to bore.)

Foramen occipitale. - (L. foro, and occiput.) See Occipital foramen.

Forceps. - Pincers, organs for holding - the actual function is unknown. (L. forceps, pinchers.)

Forcipated. - Resembling forceps; formed like a pair of pincers; to open and close like forceps. (From L. forceps.)

Fore-stomach. - The Proventriculus. (A.S. fore, before, and Gr. stomachos.)

Fore wing. - See Androconia, Anterior wing, Clavus, Elytra, Peritreme, Proalæ, Squamule, Tegmina, Tegula, Upper wing, Wing case. [PM]

Forfex. - A pair of anal organs which open and shut transversely, and cross each other, like scissors. (L. forfex, a pair of shears.)

Form. - Shape, form. (L. forma.)

Fornicate. - Concave within and convex with out. (L. fornicatus, from fornix, a vault.)

Fossorial. - Adapted for digging, burrowing. (L. fossio, onis, a digging.)

Fossulate. - Furnished with fossulets; having long and narrow trench-like depressions. (L. fossa, æ, a ditch.)

Fossulet. - A somewhat long and narrow depression. (L. fossa.)

Fovea, Foveolet. - A large round depression on the surface. (L.)

Foveate, Foveolate. - Having deep depressions which narrow towards the bottom. Possessed of foveæ. (L. fovea.)

Fractæ. - (Antennæ.) Broken. (L. fractus, from frango, to break.) See Geniculate.

Fractate. - (Antennæ.) Having one joint, usually the second from the base, very long, and the remaining joints attached to it at an angle. Bent with an elbow as if broken. (L. fractus.)

Free. - (Head.) When it is distinctly visible, never covered by the thorax. (M.E. fre; A.S. freo, +, Ger. frei.)

Free. - Unrestrained in articulated movement, not soldered at the point of contact. (E., M.E. fre; A.S. freo, +, Ger. frei.)

Free Pupæ. - Pupæ which have the appendages and limbs free, and not fused to the outer case; for example, pupæ of the beetles, lace-wing flies, caddis-flies, ants, wasps, and bees. (M.E. fre, and L. pupa.)

Frons. - The front, forehead, or brow; that portion of the head between the posterior margin of the clypeus between the eyes, to where the head commences to be flattened out. That part of the facies which lies behind the postnasus and usually between the posterior part of the eyes. The part of the skull between the orbits and the vertex. (L. frons, frontis, the forehead.)

Front. - The fore-face, bounded by the eyes and the vertex, and often beneath by the epistoma or the clypeus. (L. frontis.)

Frontal. (ant. frontalis). - (Antennæ.) Inserted directly upon the brow. (L. frontale - front stem of frons.)

Frontal area. - A small triangular space, marked off by sutural lines, lying just above the clypeus in the Hymenoptera Aculeata (ants).

Frontal fissure. - The arcuate impressed line, seen in Diptera, immediately above the antennæ, continuing over the face to the border of the mouth.

Frontal ganglion. - The three-cornered nerve-centre of the three nerves running from the subœsophageal ganglion round the œsophagus and uniting above it.

Frontal lunule. - A small crescent-shaped piece above the antennæ, which in the case of Cyclorrhapha is typically characteristic.

Frontal nerve. - Arises from the anterior border of the frontal ganglion and extends into the clypeus, where it bifurcates.

Frontal stripe. - Sometimes termed vitta frontalis; the coloured stripe noticeable in some Diptera, on the middle of the frons.

Frontal suture. - The suture separating the frontal lunule from that part of the head immediately above it. Frequently the suture extends down on either side to as far as the mouth.

Fulcrum. - The second part, constituting the legs of the Hemiptera, it inosculates anteriorly with the Coxa, and posteriorly with the thigh or Femur. (Douglas and Scott.) (L. a prop.)

Fulcrum. - The tongue-bone. (L. fulcrum, a prop.) See Os hyoideum.

Fulgid. - A bright, fiery red colour. (From L. fulgidus, shining, glittering.)

Fuliginosus. - Soot-like in colour. (L. fuligo, soot.)

Fulvescent. - Shining-brown; of tawny lustre. (From L. fulvus.)

Fulvid, Fulvous. - Tawny; of a tawny yellow; brownish-yellow, the yellow prevailing. (L. fulvus.)

Fulvo-æneous. - Brazen; with a tinge of brownish yellow; (L. fulvus, tawny, and aeneus, brazen.)

Fumeus. - The colour of smoke. (L.)

Funiculus. - (Antennæ) The joint of the antennæ between the Scape and the Club. (L. funiculus, a cord.)

Funiculus. - A small cartilaginous cord passing through a minute orifice of the post-forænum just above the point where the petiolus is fixed to an opposite hole above it, which enables the insect to elevate or depress the abdomen. (L.)

Furcate, Furcated. - Dividing into two. Forked. (L. furca, a fork.)

Furred. - When short decumbent hairs thickly cover any space of the surface. - See Comate for contradistinction. (F. - O.L.G.) M.E. forre. - O.F. forre, fuerre, a sheath, a case, whence the verb forrer, to line with fur.)

Fusco-testaceous. - Dull reddish brown on a hard background. (L. fuscus, swarthy, and testa, any earthen vessel; tile, brick; shell, animal shell, etc.)

Fuscous. - Brown or tawny-brown; the colour of tanned leather; the colour of the otter; of a dark colour. (L. fuscus, swarthy.)

Fusi. - The spinners; organs consisting of two retractile pieces, issuing from the mammulæ, and rendering threads. (L. fusus, a spindle.)

Fusiform, Fusiformate. - Spindle-shaped, broadest portion at the middle and narrowing towards the two points. (L. fusus, a spindle, and forma, shape.)